[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px|||”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” hover_enabled=”0″ sticky_enabled=”0″]Har\u0101m (\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645, har\u0101m) is an Arabic adjective that in Islam describes anything that is “forbidden, inviolable, sacred” according to sharia law. In its ambiguity, it corresponds most closely to the concept of taboo in German.<\/p>\n
The opposite of har\u0101m is hal\u0101l (\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644), which refers to anything that is permitted by sharia law. The adjective har\u0101m is distinct from the Arabic noun Haram, which refers to a holy neighborhood.<\/p>\n
The term “forbidden” is already used in the Qur’an to refer to the term har\u0101m. Thus, in Surah 16:116, people are asked not to claim with a false tongue that one thing is permissible (hal\u0101l) and another thing is forbidden (har\u0101m). According to the Islamic view, a Muslim commits a sin by performing an act classified by the Qur’an or by legal doctrine as har\u0101m. In this sense, har\u0101m is to be distinguished from the adjective “mamnu” \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639 \/ mamn\u016b\u02bf, which refers to that which is forbidden by secular law.<\/p>\n
Har\u0101m is the last of the five categories of human actions in Islamic jurisprudence.<\/p>\n
The term makruh (Arabic \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0647, makr\u016bh) is used in Islam to describe actions whose acts are unpopular according to religious opinion and therefore should be avoided. According to the Islamic tradition, the Muslim is not punished for committing unpopular acts, but he is rewarded for his omission.<\/p>\n
This is the fourth of the five categories of human actions in Islamic jurisprudence.<\/p>\n
Unpopular acts include, for example, wasting water (e.g. during ritual ablutions) and disregarding popular or preferred acts – both during and outside of religious services.<\/p>\n
In general, excessive action is considered unpopular.<\/p>\n
According to some scholars, smoking is at least makruh, while others even describe it as haram.<\/p>\n
Fard (\u0641\u0631\u0636 , fard “duty”) also in Arabic \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 , far\u012bda means “religious duty”, “(divine) decree”, “ordinance”. Fard is the sum of those religious duties that Muslims must fulfill unconditionally in ritual life. The verb for this is farada or iftarada and occurs accordingly in the sense of: “to impose something on someone as a (religious) duty”, “to prescribe”, “to declare obligatory” both in the Qur’an and in the Hadith.<\/p>\n
Sunna (arabisch\u0633\u0646\u0629 ) Pl. sunan (\u0633\u0646\u0646) is a term that in pre-Islamic times referred to the customs, habits, values, and norms of the various Arab tribes, but in the course of the formation of Islam, it acquired a religious meaning by becoming the shorthand name for the sunnat an-nab\u012b to be followed, the “way of action of the Prophet (Hz. Muhammad).”<\/p>\n
In this sense, sunnah is mostly used in Islamic jurisprudence and traditional studies. Over time, the meaning of this term has undergone several changes. The corresponding verb is \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0651 \u0633\u0646\u0651, sanna \/ istanna “to prescribe sth., to introduce sth.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Har\u0101m (\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645, har\u0101m) is an Arabic adjective that in Islam describes anything that is “forbidden, inviolable, sacred” according to sharia law. In its ambiguity, it corresponds most closely to the concept of taboo in German. The opposite of har\u0101m is hal\u0101l (\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644), which refers to anything that is permitted by sharia law. The adjective har\u0101m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":269373,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-270164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n